Well known, not only in the lean world is the continuous improvement process (CIP). As it says it is a methodology to continuously improve your processes and procedures in your organization. In short = there is always something that can be improved. CIP is not only a saying it is a mindset and should be deeply anchored in your organizations DNA. Therefore it is a must to be lived and demanded by management as well as to be trained and implemented. As per definition the continuous improvement process has no ending it follows the cycle of PDCA over and over again. The basic principle behind CIP is to consistently observe and analyze your processes, take in consideration employees ideas for improvements, implement those and reassess the results if they are according to planned outcome.
Where does CIP come from: A short excursion in history.
In the 1950s, Japanese companies, best known Toyota, started to integrate the “Kaizen” philosophy of life in operations. The Japanese word Kaizen stands for “change for the better”. To sum it up it means the continuous improvement process by small steps, every day. The ultimate target above all is to reach the highest customer satisfaction possible which guarantees economic success and is achieved by highest quality of goods and services. So they have to be constantly improved. Just think about the Kano Model.
From the 1980s, European and American car manufacturer started to adopt the CIP methodology to increase their quality and by this their performance of finished goods.
Since the 1990s the CIP methodology made its way from the shop floor into the offices and has a straight impact on an organizations culture. With the so called PDCA cycle it is a never ending process and supports your whole organization on the path of sustainable growth.
Nowadays it is even part of the ISO9001 that defines the continuous improvement process as one of the “seven principles of quality management”.
How to apply CIP
As discussed, CIP means improving through a consistent path of small following steps. Basic prerequisite is the ultimate will of your organization’s management and the involvement and motivation of all employees in your organization. Focus on customer satisfaction > What is the customer willing to pay for? Everything that has no value for the customer must be seen as waste and has to be eliminated.
In real life organizations take the CIP approach to conduct regular audits by the Lean / Opex-Team. They analyze current issues or challenges and make suggestions for improvements. Typically the following approach can be seen as a rough guideline.
- What should be improved?
- Define the process, area or procedure
- How should it be like and what is it like now? > Define the Delta
- Numbers cracking > Go through the figures, actual and target state.
- Describe the deviation or problem
- What is the outcome by this deviation?
- What are the costs of the deviation? Loss of quantity, rework, etc.
- What is the root cause of the problem?
- Analysis
- What are the potential solutions?
- Idea and Solution Management. through teamwork and brainstorming sessions
- What solution is the best?
- Evaluation of the best solution defined
- What measures need to be taken?
- Cost-Benefit analysis
- Results are presented to decision makers
- Defined measures are adopted
- Who does what, with whom and at what costs?
- Measures are implemented
- Verification of effectiveness through KPI tracking
- If necessary re-evaluate measures to meet targeted outcome
You see, the methodology is very close related not to say a spin off the PDCA cycle.
The endless, repetitive PDCA cycle basically means permanently observing the processes, analyzing bottlenecks and weak points, develop solutions for improvements
In short:
- Plan: Recognition of improvement potential, analysis of the current situation, development of improvement measures
- Do: Implementation of defined measures
- Check: Check the effectiveness of implemented measures with predefined KPIs
- Act: Constantly monitor and review the improvements through audits or reporting. When expected level of improvement is reached adjust the standardization to new level. If you failed on the expected outcome restart the PDCA cycle.
After the PDCA cycle is finished your area of improvement focus will change. E.g. your bottleneck process will move along the complete process.
